CS electrochemical workstation (potentiostat / galvanostat) contains a fast digital function generator, high-speed data acquisition circuitry, a potentiostat and a galvanostat. With high performance in stability and accuracy with advanced hardware and well-functioned software, it is a comprehensive research platform for corrosion, batteries, electrochemical analysis, sensor, life science and environmental chemistry etc.
Applications
(1) Reaction mechanism of Electrosynthesis, electrodeposition (electroplating), anodic oxidation, etc.
(2) Electrochemical analysis and sensor;
(3) New energy materials (Li-ion battery, solar cell, fuel cell, supercapacitors), advanced functional materials, photoelectronic materials;
(4)Corrosion study of metals in water, concrete and soil etc;
(5) Fast evaluation of corrosion inhibitor, water stabilizer, coating and cathodic protection efficiency.
HARDWARE FEATURES
Dual-channel high-speed 16bit/high-accuracy 24bit AD converter;
Built-in frequency response analyzer(FRA), frequency range: 10μHz~1MHz;
High-bandwidth high input impedance amplifier unit
Built-in FPGA DDS digital signals synthesizer
High-power Potentiostat/Galvanostat/ZRA;
Potential control range: ±10V; Compliance voltage: ±21V;
Current control range: ±2A ;
Potential resolution: 10μV; current resolution 1pA.
SOFTWARE FEATURES
CS studio software provides users a versatile smoothing/differential/ integration kit, which can complete the calculation of peak height, peak area and peak potential of CV curves.
In CV technique and galvanostatic charge and discharge, during the data analysis, there is function of selecting exact cycle(s) to show. You can choose to see a cycle or some cycles as you want. You can also export data or vector graph of an exact cycle or several cycles.
Battery analysis: charge & discharge efficiency, capacity, specific capacitance, charge & discharge energy.
EIS analysis: Bode, Nyquist, Mott-Schottky plot
During EIS data analysis, there is built-in fitting function to draw the custom equivalent circuit. Firstly, draw the equivalent circuit, use the "Quick Fit" to obtain the parameters' value, and then substitute the value into the equivalent circuit.
CS studio also provides powerful non-linear fitting on Butler-Volmer equation of polarization curve. It can calculate Tafel slope, corrosion current density, limitation current, polarization resistance, corrosion rate. It can also calculate the power spectrum density, noise resistance and noise spectrum resistance based on the electrochemical noise measurements.
CS Studio software can achieve real time saving of the measuring data. The data can be automatically saved even in case of sudden power off.
CS studio kit has a built-in versatile timing policy for combined measurements, which can facilitate the automation of experiments and save time. With the unique function of combination test, you can choose several techniques, and set the wait time, the start time, and the cycles. Choose the experiments you want to run, and click Add. Then you can make auto measurement of the set experiments as you want without having to wait in the lab. This function is especially useful if you have multi experiments to run and save your time greatly.
You can open the ".cor"(all data files except EIS) and ".z60"(EIS) data files by txt(in notepad). They can also be opened in Origin by "Import single ASCII".
TECHNICAL ADVANTAGES
1. Impedance (EIS)
CS potentiostat applies correlation integral algorithm and dual-channel over-sampling technique, and has strong anti-interference ability. It is suitable for EIS measurements of high-impedance system (>109Ω, such as coating, concrete etc.). It can also be used to obtain Mott-Schottky curve and differential capacitance curve. During test, the software can display real-time open circuit potential(OCP) without entering.
Up: EIS of AA6063 Al alloy in Ce3+ containing 3% NaCl solution
Down: Polarization curve of Ti-based amorphous alloy & stainless steel in 3%NaCl solution
2. Polarization curve
It can complete linear polarization curve and Tafel plot measurements. The user can set the anodic reversal current (passivation film breakdown current) of the cyclic polarization curve to determine material's pitting potential and protection potential and evaluate the its susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. The software employs non-linear fitting to analyze polarization curve, and can make fast evaluation of material's anti-corrosion ability and inhibitors.
3. Voltammetry
It can do the following electroanalysis methods: Linear Sweep Voltammetry(LSV), Cyclic Voltammetry(CV), Staircase Cyclic Voltammetry(SCV), Square wave voltammetry(SWV), Differential Pulse Voltammetry(DPV), Normal Pulse Voltammetry(NPV), AC voltammetry(ACV), Stripping voltammetry etc. It integrates calculation of peak area, peak current and standard curve analysis.
LSV curve: mesoporous carbon material in 0.1M KOH
CV curves of PPy supercapacitor in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4
4. Electrochemical Noise
With high-resistance follower and zero-resistance ammeter, it measures the natural potential/currentfluctuations in corrosion system. It can be used to study pitting corrosion, galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking etc. Through noise spectrum, we can evaluate the inducement, growth and death of metastable pitting and crack. Based on calculation of noise resistance and pitting index, it can complete localized corrosion monitoring.
Electrochemical noise of low-carbon steel in 0.05mol/L Cl-+0.1mol/L NaHCO3
5. Full floating measurement
CS workstation uses full-floating working electrode. It can be used for autoclave electrochemical measurements, on-line corrosion monitoring of metallic components under the ground (rebar in concrete, etc.)
6. User-defined methods
CS workstation supports user-defined combination measurements. The user can set cyclic timing measurements of an electrochemical method or several methods.
We are able to provide API functions and development examples, which facilitates some users' requirements for secondary development and self-defined measurements.
Software Techniques
Guide:
* Model CS350 is the most comprehensive model, includes all electrochemical methods incl. EIS
* Only model CS350 and CS310 include EIS module.
* Model CS300 includes all the voltammetry methods but EIS compared with CS350.
* Model CS150 includes the most basic methods such as CV, LSV, charge and discharge, Tafel plot, etc, no EIS
| Techniques |
CS150 |
CS300 |
CS310 |
CS350 |
Stable
polarization |
Open Circuit Potential (OCP) |
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| Potentiostatic (I-T curve) |
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| Galvanostatic |
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| Potentiodynamic(Tafel plot) |
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| Galvanodynamic |
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| Transient polarization |
Multi-Potential Steps |
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| Multi-Current Steps |
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| Potential Stair-Step (VSTEP) |
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| Galvanic Stair-Step (ISTEP) |
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Chrono
methods |
Chronopotentiometry (CP) |
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| Chronoamperometry (CA) |
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| Chronocoulometry (CC) |
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| Voltammetry |
Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) |
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| Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV)(I-V) |
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| Staircase Voltammetry (SCV) # |
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| Square wave voltammetry (SWV) # |
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| Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV)# |
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| Normal Pulse Voltammetry (NPV)# |
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| Differential Normal Pulse Voltammetry (DNPV)# |
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| AC voltammetry (ACV) # |
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| 2nd Harmonic A.C.Voltammetry (SHACV) |
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| Amperometry |
Differential Pulse Amperometry (DPA) |
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| Double Differential Pulse Amperometry (DDPA) |
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| Triple Pulse Amperometry (TPA) |
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| Integrated Pulse Amperometric Detection (IPAD) |
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| EIS |
EIS vs Frequency (IMP) |
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| EIS vs Time (IMPT) |
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| EIS vs Potential (IMPE)(Mott-Schottky) |
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Corrosion
test |
Cyclic polarization curve (CPP) |
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| Linear polarization curve (LPR) |
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| Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation (EPR) |
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| Electrochemical Noise(EN) |
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| Zero resistance Ammeter (ZRA) |
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| Battery test |
Battery charge and discharge |
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| Galvanostatic charge and discharge(GCD) |
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| Potentiostatic Charging and Discharging(PCD) |
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| Potentiostatic Intermittent Titration Technique(PITT) |
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| Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique(GITT) |
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| Extensions |
Data Logger |
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| Bulk electrolysis with Coulometry (BE) |
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Battery papers using Corrtest potentiostat
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