CS electrochemical workstation (potentiostat / galvanostat) contains a fast digital function generator, high-speed data acquisition circuitry, a potentiostat and a galvanostat. With high performance in stability and accuracy with advanced hardware and well-functioned software, it is a comprehensive research platform for corrosion, batteries, electrochemical analysis, sensor, life science and environmental chemistry etc.
Application
Reaction mechanism of Electrosynthesis, electrodeposition, anodic oxidation, etc;
Electrochemical analysis and sensor;
New energy materials (Li-ion battery, solar cell, fuel cell, supercapacitors), advanced functional materials, photoelectronic materials;
Corrosion study of metals in water, concrete and soil, etc;
Fast evaluation of corrosion inhibitor, water stabilizer, coating and cathodic protection efficiency.
Specifications
| Specifications |
| Support 2-, 3- or 4-electrode system |
Potential and current range: Automatic |
| Potential control range: ±10V |
Current control range: ±2A |
| Potential control accuracy: 0.1%×full range±1mV |
Current control accuracy: 0.1%×full range |
| Potential resolution: 10μV (>100Hz),3μV (<10Hz) |
Current sensitivity:1pA |
| Rise time: <1μS (<10mA), <10μS (<2A) |
Reference electrode input impedance:1012Ω||20pF |
| Current range: 2nA~2A, 10 ranges |
Compliance voltage: ±21V |
| Maximum current output: 2A |
CV and LSV scan rate: 0.001mV~10,000V/s |
| CA and CC pulse width: 0.0001~65,000s |
Current increment during scan: 1mA@1A/ms |
| Potential increment during scan: 0.076mV@1V/ms |
SWV frequency: 0.001~100 kHz |
| DPV and NPV pulse width: 0.0001~1000s |
AD data acquisition:16bit@1 MHz,20bit@1 kHz |
| DA Resolution:16bit, setup time:1μs |
Minimum potential increment in CV: 0.075mV |
| IMP frequency: 10μHz~1MHz |
Low-pass filters: covering 8-decade |
| Operating System: Windows 2000/NT/XP/7/8/10 |
Interface: USB 2.0 |
| Weight / Measurements: 6.5kg, 36.5 x 30.5 x16 cm |
| EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy) |
| Signal generator |
| Frequency range:10μHz~1MHz |
AC amplitude:1mV~2500mV |
| DC Bias: -10~+10V |
Output impedance: 50Ω |
| Waveform: sine wave, triangular wave and square wave |
Wave distortion: <1% |
| Scanning mode: logarithmic/linear, increase/decrease |
| Signal analyzer |
| Integral time: minimum:10ms or the longest time of a cycle |
Maximum:106 cycles or 105s |
| Measurement delay: 0~105s |
| DC offset compensation |
| Potential automatic compensation range: -10V~+10V |
Current compensation range: -1A~+1A |
| Bandwidth: 8-decade frequency range, automatic and manual setting |
Electrochemical methods/Techniques (Models' comparison)
Guidance:
Hardware specs and appearance are the same for various models, difference is in software part.
Model CS350M (with built-in EIS) is the most comprehensive model, includes all methods incl. EIS. It's suitable for various applications, and also for teaching
Model CS310M (with built-in EIS) also includes EIS module. But it has less voltammetry methods compared with CS350. CS310 is a cost-effective model if you need EIS. It's an ideal model for corrosion, battery studies etc.
Model CS300 M(w/o EIS) includes all the voltammetry methods but EIS, usually used in heavy metal ions detecting etc.
| Techniques |
CS300M |
CS310M |
CS350M |
| W/O EIS |
With EIS |
With EIS |
Stable
polarization |
Open Circuit Potential (OCP) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Potentiostatic (I-T curve) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Galvanostatic |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Potentiodynamic(Tafel plot) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Galvanodynamic |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Transient
polarization |
Multi-Potential Steps |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Multi-Current Steps |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Potential Stair-Step (VSTEP) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Galvanic Stair-Step (ISTEP) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Chrono
methods |
Chronopotentiometry (CP) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Chronoamperometry (CA) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Chronocoulometry (CC) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Voltammetry |
Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV)(I-V) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Staircase Voltammetry (SCV) # |
√ |
|
√ |
| Square wave voltammetry (SWV) # |
√ |
|
√ |
| Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV)# |
√ |
|
√ |
| Normal Pulse Voltammetry (NPV)# |
√ |
|
√ |
| Differential Normal Pulse Voltammetry (DNPV)# |
√ |
|
√ |
| AC voltammetry (ACV) # |
√ |
|
√ |
| 2nd Harmonic A.C.Voltammetry (SHACV) |
√ |
|
√ |
| Amperometry |
Differential Pulse Amperometry (DPA) |
|
|
√ |
| Double Differential Pulse Amperometry (DDPA) |
|
|
√ |
| Triple Pulse Amperometry (TPA) |
|
|
√ |
| Integrated Pulse Amperometric Detection (IPAD) |
|
|
√ |
| EIS |
Potentiostatic EIS (Nyquist, Bode)
|
|
√ |
√ |
|
Galvanostatic EIS
|
|
√ |
√ |
|
Potentiostatic EIS (Optional freq.)
|
|
√ |
√ |
|
Galvanostatic EIS(Optional freq.)
|
|
√ |
√ |
|
Mott-Schottky
|
|
√ |
√ |
|
Potentiostatic EIS vs. Time (Single freq.)
|
|
√ |
√ |
|
Galvanostatic EIS vs. Time (Single freq.)
|
|
√ |
√ |
Corrosion
test |
Cyclic polarization curve (CPP) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Linear polarization curve (LPR) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation (EPR) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Electrochemical Noise (EN) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Zero resistance Ammeter (ZRA) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Battery test |
Battery charge and discharge |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Galvanostatic charge and discharge (GCD) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Potentiostatic Charging and Discharging(PCD) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Potentiostatic Intermittent Titration Technique(PITT) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
| Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique(GITT) |
√ |
√ |
√ |
Technical advantages
Impedance (EIS)
Corrtest single channel potentiostat applies correlation integral algorithm and dual-channel over-sampling technique, and has strong anti-interference ability. It is suitable for EIS measurements of high-impedance system (>109Ω, such as coating, concrete etc.).
EIS of AA6063 Al alloy in Ce3+ containing 3% NaCl solution
Polarization curve
Tafel plot can be obtained. The user can set the anodic reversal current (passivation film breakdown current) of the cyclic polarization curve to obtain material's pitting potential and protection potential and evaluate the its susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. The software uses non-linear fitting to analyze polarization curve, and can make fast evaluation of material's anti-corrosion ability and inhibitors.
Polarization curves of Ti-alloy & stainless steel in 3%NaCl solution
Voltammetry
Linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), SCV, SWV, DPV, NPV, ACV, Stripping voltammetry etc. It integrates calculation of peak area, peak current and standard curve analysis.
LSV: mesoporous carbon material in 0.1M KOH
CV of PPy supercapacitor in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4
Electrochemical Noise
With high-resistance follower and zero-resistance ammeter, it measures the natural potential/current fluctuations in corrosion system. It can be used to study pitting corrosion, galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking etc. Based on calculation of noise resistance and pitting index, it can complete localized corrosion monitoring.
Electrochemical noise of low-carbon seel in 0.05mol/L Cl-+0.1mol/L NaHCO3
Full floating measurement
Full-floating mode be used for autoclave electrochemical measurements, on-line corrosion monitoring of metallic components under the ground (rebar in concrete, etc.)
User-defined methods
We are able to provide API functions and development examples, which facilitates some users' requirements for secondary development and self-defined measurements.
Software Features
Cyclic voltammetry: CS studio software provides users a versatile smoothing/differential/ integration kit, which can complete the calculation of peak height, peak area and peak potential of CV curves. In CV, during the data analysis, there is function of selecting exact cycle(s) to show. You can choose to see a cycle or some cycles as you want.
Tafel and corrosion rate: CS studio also provides powerful non-linear fitting on Butler-Volmer equation of polarization curve. It can calculate Tafel slope, corrosion current density, limitation current, polarization resistance, corrosion rate. It can also calculate the power spectrum density, noise resistance and noise spectrum resistance based on the electrochemical noise measurements.
Battery test and analysis: charge & discharge efficiency, capacity, specific capacitance, charge & discharge energy.
EIS analysis: Bode, Nyquist, Mott-Schottky (M-S) plot
During EIS data analysis, there is built-in fitting function to draw the custom equivalent circuit. Firstly, draw the equivalent circuit, use the "Quick Fit" to obtain the parameters' value, and then substitute the value into the equivalent circuit.
Real-time saving of the data: the data can be automatically saved even in case of sudden power off.
Combined measurements: It facilitates the automation of experiments and save time. You can choose several techniques, and set the wait time, the start time, and the cycles. Choose the experiments you want to run, then you can make auto measurement of the set experiments as you want without having to wait in the lab.
Data open: You can open the data files directly by notepad. Data can also be opened in Origin
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